{"id":959,"date":"2026-10-01T14:33:50","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T14:33:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/certav.org\/?p=959"},"modified":"2026-10-14T14:38:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T14:38:52","slug":"kubanda-antik-donemden-kalma-cukurda-bulunan-16-erkegin-dnasi-incelendi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/certav.org\/?p=959","title":{"rendered":"Kuban\u2019da antik d\u00f6nemden kalma \u00e7ukurda bulunan 16 erke\u011fin DNA\u2019s\u0131 incelendi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Krasnodar b\u00f6lgesindeki \u00c7ekups-2 antik yerle\u015fiminde, bir depolama \u00e7ukurunda bulunan 34 insan kafatas\u0131ndan al\u0131nan \u00f6rneklerle yap\u0131lan genetik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n en az 16\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n erkeklere ait oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, incelenen erkeklerin birbirleriyle yak\u0131n akraba olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirledi. Genetik bulgular, bu ki\u015filerin antik d\u00f6nemde Do\u011fu Karadeniz\u2019in yerli topluluklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rusya\u2019daki Sirius Bilim ve Teknoloji \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Marina Ga\u015feva\u2019n\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, \u00c7ekups-2 arkeolojik alan\u0131nda bulunan insan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde paleogenetik inceleme ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Moskova \u00dcniversitesi B\u00fclteni \u2013 Antropoloji<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, 16 ki\u015fiye ait antik DNA \u00f6rnekleri analiz edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, kafataslar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu \u00e7ukurdan al\u0131nan \u015fakak kemi\u011fi par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 inceledi. \u0130ki \u00f6rnek \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan radyokarbon tarihlemesi ise kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n MS 1. ile 4. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f insanlara ait oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. Daha \u00f6nce seramik par\u00e7alar\u0131na dayan\u0131larak toplu g\u00f6m\u00fcn\u00fcn MS 2. ve 3. y\u00fczy\u0131llara ait olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir \u00e7ukurda 34 insan kafatas\u0131 bulundu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Krasnodar b\u00f6lgesinin K\u0131r\u0131m il\u00e7esinde, antik Bosporos Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00e7evresindeki topluluklar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda bulunan \u00c7ekups-2 yerle\u015fimi, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda ke\u015ffedildi. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 hektarl\u0131k alana yay\u0131lan yerle\u015fimin M\u00d6 6. y\u00fczy\u0131l ile MS 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l aras\u0131nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2018 ve 2019 y\u0131llar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen kurtarma kaz\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda yerle\u015fim alan\u0131ndaki \u00e7ukurlardan birinde, alt \u00e7eneleri ve kafatas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki iskelet kemikleri bulunmayan 34 insan kafatas\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filerin profesyonel olmayan m\u00fcdahaleleri nedeniyle zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Buna ra\u011fmen antropologlar, kafataslar\u0131 \u00fczerinde kapsaml\u0131 incelemeler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nceki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda kafataslar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun yeti\u015fkin erkeklere ait oldu\u011fu, aralar\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ve ergenlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki ki\u015filerin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015fti. Bir\u00e7ok kafatas\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm \u00f6ncesine ait travma izleri tespit edilirken, baz\u0131 ki\u015filerin kafa derilerinin y\u00fcz\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olabilece\u011fi de\u011ferlendirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, kafataslar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta bir s\u00fcre sergilenmi\u015f, daha sonra ise toplu h\u00e2lde \u00e7ukura g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ancak bu yorum hen\u00fcz kesinle\u015fmi\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DNA analizleri yak\u0131n akrabal\u0131k g\u00f6stermedi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmada incelenen 16 ki\u015finin tamam\u0131n\u0131n erkek oldu\u011fu belirlendi. Genetik veriler, bu ki\u015filerin birbirleriyle yak\u0131n akraba olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bilim insanlar\u0131, bireylerin anne soyunu izlemeye yarayan mitokondriyal DNA ile baba soyunu izlemeye yarayan Y kromozomlar\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mitokondriyal DNA incelemesinde, 16 ki\u015finin farkl\u0131 anne soylar\u0131na ait oldu\u011fu belirlendi. Tespit edilen genetik soy hatlar\u0131, Bat\u0131 Avrasya\u2019n\u0131n eski ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz topluluklar\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle de Do\u011fu Karadeniz ve Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n yerli n\u00fcfuslar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen gruplarla \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 anne soylar\u0131 ise Don Nehri \u00e7evresindeki ve G\u00fcney Sibirya\u2019daki eski bozk\u0131r topluluklar\u0131yla benzerlik g\u00f6sterdi. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu kapsamda Kolbino-I ve Devitsa-V gibi \u0130skit d\u00f6nemi buluntu alanlar\u0131 ile Eki-Ottu\u011f-1 ve Arjan-2 arkeolojik alanlar\u0131ndan elde edilen genetik verilerle ba\u011flant\u0131lar kurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu benzerlikler, s\u00f6z konusu ki\u015filerin do\u011frudan bu topluluklardan geldi\u011fini kan\u0131tlam\u0131yor; ancak farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerden gelen topluluklar\u0131n genetik miras\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu n\u00fcfusun olu\u015fumunda rol oynam\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baba soylar\u0131nda Kafkasya ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Anne soylar\u0131nda belirgin bir \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, incelenen erkeklerin baba soylar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca iki Y kromozomu haplogrubunda topland\u0131. Y kromozomu, erkeklerde babadan o\u011fula aktar\u0131lan genetik soyun izlenmesini sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, incelenen 10 ki\u015fide baba soylar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyebildi. Bunlardan yedisi J2a1, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc ise G2a2b2a1a1a1b1 haplogrubuna aitti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her iki genetik soy hatt\u0131 da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kafkasya\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. J2a1 haplogrubu \u00f6zellikle Ad\u0131gey\u2019de yayg\u0131n; ara\u015ft\u0131rmada aktar\u0131lan verilere g\u00f6re b\u00f6lgedeki erkeklerin y\u00fczde 17\u2019sinden fazlas\u0131nda bu soy hatt\u0131na rastlan\u0131yor. Di\u011fer haplogrup ise Abhaz-Ad\u0131ge dillerini konu\u015fan topluluklarda, Ad\u0131geler de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere, daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Ad\u0131gey\u2019de incelenen erkeklerin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 28\u2019inde bu genetik soy hatt\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re bu sonu\u00e7lar, \u00c7ekups-2\u2019deki kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n baba soylar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan antik d\u00f6nemde Do\u011fu Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan yerli Kafkas topluluklar\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bununla birlikte, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz topluluklar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen genetik benzerlikler tek ba\u015f\u0131na do\u011frudan ve kesintisiz bir soy ili\u015fkisini kan\u0131tlam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kafataslar\u0131ndaki yaralar silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ihtimalini g\u00fc\u00e7lendiriyor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kafataslar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde erkeklere ait olmas\u0131, kemiklerde hem iyile\u015fmi\u015f hem de \u00f6l\u00fcm \u00f6ncesinde olu\u015fmu\u015f travmalar\u0131n bulunmas\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n toplu g\u00f6m\u00fcn\u00fcn niteli\u011fine ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirmelerinde belirleyici oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bilim insanlar\u0131, \u00e7ukura g\u00f6m\u00fclen ki\u015filerin bir asker\u00ee birli\u011fin \u00fcyeleri veya silahl\u0131 bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lan ki\u015filer olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ancak mevcut bulgular, bu ki\u015filerin hangi \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada \u00f6ld\u00fcklerini ya da kafataslar\u0131n\u0131n neden ayr\u0131 olarak g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kesin bi\u00e7imde ortaya koymuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genetik sonu\u00e7lar, baba soylar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Do\u011fu Karadeniz\u2019in yerli Kafkas n\u00fcfuslar\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir toplulu\u011fa i\u015faret ederken, anne soylar\u0131ndaki \u00e7e\u015fitlilik bu n\u00fcfusun olu\u015fumunda farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerden gelen gruplar\u0131n da rol oynam\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, antik d\u00f6nemde Kuzeybat\u0131 Kafkasya ve Do\u011fu Karadeniz \u00e7evresindeki topluluklar\u0131n genetik yap\u0131s\u0131 ile n\u00fcfus hareketlerini anlamaya katk\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f6lgedeki di\u011fer antik buluntular da inceleniyor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Krasnodar b\u00f6lgesi, antik yerle\u015fimlere ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemli arkeolojik bulgular bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. Bunlar\u0131n en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan biri, antik Yunan d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n Kuzey Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemli merkezlerinden Fanagoria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar yak\u0131n zamanda Fanagoria\u2019da M\u00d6 2. y\u00fczy\u0131la tarihlenen bir mezar odas\u0131nda bulunan yeti\u015fkin bir erkek ve bir kad\u0131n\u0131n DNA\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 da incelemi\u015fti. Genetik analizler, iki ki\u015finin farkl\u0131 n\u00fcfus k\u00f6kenlerine sahip oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ekups-2 buluntular\u0131 ile Fanagoria\u2019daki kal\u0131nt\u0131lar, b\u00f6lgenin antik \u00e7a\u011f boyunca farkl\u0131 topluluklar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve n\u00fcfus hareketlerinin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir alan oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara yeni veriler ekliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

—<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak: https:\/\/nplus1.ru\/news\/2026\/09\/28\/skulls-from-chekups<\/a>, 28\/09\/2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Krasnodar b\u00f6lgesindeki \u00c7ekups-2 antik yerle\u015fiminde, bir depolama \u00e7ukurunda bulunan 34 insan kafatas\u0131ndan al\u0131nan \u00f6rneklerle yap\u0131lan genetik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n en…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":960,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haber-duyuru"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=959"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/959\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":961,"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/959\/revisions\/961"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/certav.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}